Many materials have complex structural and dynamic properties intermediate between those of crystals and fluids. Among these are liquid crystals, with their well-known orientational order; colloids; polymer solutions and melts; foams; and gels; collectively these have come to be called "soft matter." These materials generally consist of organic molecules that interact weakly; as a result, thermal fluctuations, external fields, and boundary effects strongly influence their structure and properties. This sensitivity raises interesting new problems in basic physics, chemistry, and materials science; offers a path of thinking about some processes in biological systems; and opens numerous possibilities for technological applications.

Progressive enhancement is an approach to web development that aims to deliver the best possible experience to the widest possible audience, and simplifies coding and testing as well. Whether users are viewing your sites on an iPhone, the latest and greatest high-end system, or even hearing them on a screen-reader, their experience should be easy to understand and use, and as fully-featured and functional as possible.

The book is based on a laboratory course in nuclear physics given to advanced students. It treats the experimental techniques and instrumentationmost often used in nuclear and particle physics experiments as well as in various other experimental sciences. It provides most useful results and formulae, technical know-how and informative details on -interactionof radiation in matter; - radion protection and radioactive sources; - statistics for the interpretation and analysis of data; - principles and operation of the main types of detectors (ionization, scintillation and semiconductor detectors); - nuclear electronics instrumentation (NIM, CAMAC); - various systems and techniques for experiments. Thanks to the author's long teaching experience the material is presented in a verypractical, hands-on way making the book a useful text and lab companion for students and experienced scientists.

How to Understand Business Finance is not written by an accountant and actually relates to running a business in a real market. It describes a business as it proceeds from initial set-up through its first year of trading, providing a quick course on business finance as it relates to business growth. As well as learning how to understand the balance sheet and profit and loss account, readers will also grasp the principles of: market dynamics; budgeting and forecasting; fixed and variable costs; break-even analysis; the difference between profit and cash; financial ratios for measuring business performance; investment appraisal; stock market ratios; shareholder value; financial measures for improving business performance, and much more.

This book explores the role of Martin-Lof s constructive type theory in computer programming. The main focus of the book is how the theory can be successfully applied in practice. Introductory sections provide the necessary background in logic, lambda calculus and constructive mathematics, and exercises and chapter summaries are included to reinforce understanding.

The book identifies several distinct themes. The first is concerned with preliminary and introductory topics which relate to the basic and relevant physical processes associated with nuclear fusion. Then, the authors undertake an analysis of magnetically confined, inertially confined, and low-temperature fusion energy concepts. Subsequently, they introduce the important blanket domains surrounding the fusion core and discuss synergetic fusion-fission systems. Finally, they consider selected conceptual and technological subjects germane to the continuing development of fusion energy systems.

In the course of the last twenty years, teaching and research in fluid mechanics has expanded considerably into the physics and chemistry communities, who in their turn developed new approaches to the teaching of this topic. These approaches are mainly oriented towards the comprehension of fluids of different hierarchies, the development of various experimental tools, and explanations in terms of elementary physical mechanics. Physical Hydrodynamics presents this original approach for the first time. The elementary microscopic basics of the statistical theory of fluids is discussed, as are the classical aspects of deformation and pressure and the laws of conservation.

Intensional logic is the technical study of such "intensional" phenomena in human reasoning as modality, knowledge, or flow of time. These all require a richer semantic picture than standard truth values in one static environment. Such a picture is provided by so-called "possible worlds semantics," a paradigm which is surveyed in this book, both as to its external sources of motivation and as to the internal dynamics of the resulting program.

Bach's Changing World: Voices in the Community studies the community in which Bach spent the last, longest, and most prestigious part of his life: the Leipzig middle class. These deeply researched and thought-provoking essays by prominent musicologists and scholars of religious history and German culture highlight the dynamic religious, social, and political forces that emerged during the composer's lifetime. Using entertainment venues and all forms of commercially produced and distributed literature -- "popular" in that world -- as well as "official" documents, they explore Leipzig's distinctive middle-class public culture.

People exploit the land for desired resources, such as oil, minerals, or timber, or they convert vast expanses of natural terrain to landscapes that better meet their needs: Forests become tree plantations, wilderness is converted to agricultural land, and even farms are paved over to make cities. Already about half the ice-free land area has been converted for human purposes, and that number is growing rapidly. Geosphere is an invaluable new resource that introduces students to sustainability - the idea that economic and social development, along with environmental protection, must be achieved together. Enhanced by illuminating full-color photographs and illustrations, sidebars, a glossary, and other useful study features, this book details how sustainability is gaining ground with individuals, communities, regions, and even nations, and shows readers how they, too, can become involved.

In this innovative analysis, Michael Gaudio explains how popular engravings of Native American Indians defined the nature of Western civilization by producing an image of its “savage other.” Going beyond the notion of the “savage” as an intellectual and ideological construct, Gaudio examines how the tools, materials, and techniques of copperplate engraving shaped Western responses to indigenous peoples. Engraving the Savage demonstrates that the early visual critics of the engravings attempted-without complete success-to open a comfortable space between their own “civil” image-making practices and the “savage” practices of Native Americans-such as tattooing, bodily ornamentation, picture-writing, and idol worship. The real significance of these ethnographic engravings, he contends, lies in the traces they leave of a struggle to create meaning from the image of the American Indian.

This book presents the physics of incompressible flow for the benefit of students and others who need to understand fluid motion. In this new edition, much of the material is new or rewritten, but the purpose and style of the first edition are retained. Particular emphasis is given to information obtained by experiment and observation in addition to analysis of the equations of motion. The book's primary concern is to convey a fundamental understanding of the behavior of fluids in motion.

Shock-induced dynamic fracture of solids is of practical importance in many areas of materials science, chemical physics, engineering, and geophysics. This book, by an international roster of authors, comprises a systematic account of the current state of research in the field, integrating the large amount of work done in the former Soviet Union with the work done in the West.

Fully updated for SAS 9.2, Ron Cody's SAS Functions by Example, Second Edition, is a must-have reference for anyone who programs in Base SAS. With the addition of functions new to SAS 9.2, this comprehensive reference manual now includes more than 200 functions, including new character, date and time, distance, probability, sort, and special functions. This new edition also contains more examples for existing functions and more details concerning optional arguments.