What mechanisms are involved in enabling us to generate predictions of what will happen in the near future? Although we use associative mechanisms as the basis to predict future events, such as using cues from our surrounding environment, timing, attentional, and configural mechanisms are also needed to improve this function. Timing mechanisms allow us to determine when those events will take place. Attentional mechanisms ensure that we keep track of cues that are present when unexpected events occur and disregard cues present when everything happens according to our expectations. Configural mechanisms make it possible to combine separate cues into one signal that predicts an event different from that predicted individually by separate cues. Written for graduates and researchers in neuroscience, computer science, biomedical engineering and psychology, the author presents neural network models that incorporate these mechanisms and shows, through computer simulations, how they explain the multiple properties of associative learning.

In diesem Forschungsprojekt soll analysiert werden, welcher Fuhrungsstil unter Berucksichtigung der spezifischen Unternehmenssituation besonders Erfolg versprechend ist. Es soll ein Modell erarbeitet werden, das die Auswahl des richtigen Fuhrungsstils fur ein Krisenunternehmen bestimmt. Dabei werden Parameter wie Optimierungsstrategien, in denen das Unternehmen tatig ist, und die Mitarbeiterstruktur mit einbezogen. Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens ist es, eine modelltheoretische Entscheidungshilfe zu schaffen, die es dem Unternehmen erleichtert, die geeignete Fuhrungskraft zu finden, die den Verlauf des Turnarounds optimal steuert. Weiterhin soll untersucht werden, ob sich in den verschiedenen Phasen des Turnarounds die Anforderungen an die Fuhrungskraft so andern, dass ein Wechsel des Fuhrungsstils eine positive Auswirkung auf die Entwicklung des Turnarounds ergibt.

This book focuses on the inter-relationship between reading, writing and speaking and listening. Psychologists and educationalists, influenced by the work of Vygotsky, have emphasised the importance of social interaction in learning, and the National Writing, Oracy and LINC Projects highlighted the need for quality interactive pupil discourse and effective teacher-pupil interaction. However, although the DfEE claims that the successful teaching of literacy is characterised by good quality oral work, speaking and listening is not included in the National Literacy Strategy Framework and the Literacy Training Pack does not address the issue. Literacy and Learning through Talk blends theory, research and practice to show how an integrated programme of work can be developed to ensure that literacy is taught in a vibrant and stimulating way. Strategies for developing successful group work and whole class, interactive discourse are examined and effective teaching roles and questioning techniques are explored. Transcripts of group discussions and examples of children's work illustrate various points and work plans and practical classroom activities are described.

Der Zusammenhang von betrieblichen Veränderungen und zwischenmenschlichen Konflikten wurde bisher fast ausschließlich aus der Perspektive "Überwindung von Widerständen gegen Wandel" thematisiert.
Arne Berndt dreht diesen Themenzusammenhang um und fragt in einem interdisziplinären Ansatz nach den Chancen, die zwischenmenschliche Konflikte für den Wandel von Organisationen beinhalten.

Hannibal invaded Italy with the hope of raising widespread rebellions among Rome's subordinate allies. Yet even after crushing the Roman army at Cannae, he was only partially successful. Why did some communities decide to side with Carthage and others to side with Rome? This is the fundamental question posed in this book, and consideration is given to the particular political, diplomatic, military and economic factors that influenced individual communities' decisions. Understanding their motivations reveals much, not just about the war itself, but also about Rome's relations with Italy during the prior two centuries of aggressive expansion. The book sheds new light on Roman imperialism in Italy, the nature of Roman hegemony, and the transformation of Roman Italy in the period leading up to the Social War. It is informed throughout by contemporary political science theory and archaeological evidence, and will be required reading for all historians of the Roman Republic.

This book clearly demonstrates the relevance of Classical Mechanics in understanding how complicated machines work. It would provide a good supplement to disillusioned first year undergraduates fed up of applying mechanics to the usual artificial situations covered in most mechanics text books of particles sliding down slopes or simple pendulums. The solutions to the problems that Dr Denny provides are ingenious and provide genuine insight into how the various machines work. I would reccomend this book to anyone wanting to gain insight into how the complicated behavior of mechanical systems can be reduced to a few basic principles. The historical context is also interesting and a dry sense of humour pervades the book.

During the closing years of the sixteenth century, the Dutch East India Company fast became a political and economic force in Asia, en route to becoming the leading private company in the world by 1660. This definitive volume explores perhaps the most important tool in the company’s trade: its ships. Robert Parthesius here reconstructs the complete shipping activities of the Company through a unique database that charts the movements of even previously ignored smaller vessels. Demonstrating that the wide range of types and sizes of vessels were indeed what gave the Company the ability to sail—and to continue its profitable trade—year after year, Dutch Ships in Tropical Waters combines the best of maritime history and archaeological research in order to change our understanding of the logistical dynamics behind one of the most important and successful businesses of this period.

Markets shift, and you can too. Sometimes you'll shift in response to a falling market, and other times you'll shift to take your business to the next level. Both can transform your business and your life. You can change your thinking, your focus, your actions, and, ultimately, your results to get back in the game and ahead of the competition. The tactics that jump-start your business in tough times will power it forward in good times. No matter the market-shift!

The Midrash Va-Yosha belongs to the rabbinic literature of the Middle Ages, providing a commentary to the Bible passages Genesis 22 (Binding of Isaac) and Exodus 15 (Song by the Red Sea). It also includes folkloristic traditions and historical events. The different variations of the text are based on the compilation and comparison of several hand-written manuscripts. The result is a picture of mediaeval life in central Europe with roots that stretch beyond the world of the synagogue.

This monograph reports on a longitudinal inquiry into mainland Chinese undergraduates’ language learning experiences in an English medium university. The inquiry reveals dynamic interaction between agency and contextual conditions underlying the participants’ strategic learning efforts in a multilingual setting.

With this outrageous new novel, China Miéville has written one of the strangest, funniest, and flat-out scariest books you will read this—or any other—year. The London that comes to life in Kraken is a weird metropolis awash in secret currents of myth and magic, where criminals, police, cultists, and wizards are locked in a war to bring about—or prevent—the End of All Things.

Engineering Materials 2 is a best-selling stand-alone text in its own right for more advanced students of materials science and mechanical engineering, and is the follow-up to its renowned companion text, Engineering Materials 1: An Introduction to Properties, Applications & Design . This book develops a detailed understanding of the fundamental properties of engineering materials, how they are controlled by processing, formed, joined and finished, and how all of these factors influence the selection and design of materials in real-world engineering applications.

ECOMATH richtet sich an Studierende der Wirtschaftswissenschaften und verwandter Studiengänge. Basierend auf langjährigen Erfahrungen des Autors aus Vorlesungszyklen zur „Mathematik für Wirtschaftswissenschaftler" an der Universität Paderborn, vermittelt es die mathematischen Kenntnisse, die für ein erfolgreiches Bachelor- und Master-Studium unerlässlich sind. Band 2 (von 3 Bänden) behandelt vor allem Methoden der linearen Algebra und Grundlagen der linearen Optimierung mit ökonomischen Anwendungen und einem Ausflug in das Thema "Mathematische Modellierung".

In der praktischen Umsetzung wird die Speicherung von Wissen meist unter dem Aspekt des technisch Möglichen und nicht unter jenem des funktional Sinnvollen gesehen. Barbara Müller zeigt, dass die „Theorie sozialer Systeme” neue Perspektiven in die Wissensmanagement-Diskussion einbringen kann, indem sie den Einfluss von Erwartungsstrukturen auf den Prozess der Wissensretention in High Tech- und Beratungsunternehmen analysiert.

Industrielle Verhandlungen sind durch eine hohe Interaktionsintensität zwischen Anbietern und Nachfragern gekennzeichnet. Die Interaktion unterscheidet sich im Hinblick auf die bei den Marktpartnern bestehenden unterschiedlichen Unsicherheiten voneinander. Christoph Sandstede untersucht im Rahmen einer Verhandlungssimulation mithilfe einer umfassenden Inhaltsanalyse die Verhandlungsvorbereitung, den Verhandlungsprozess sowie das Verhandlungsergebnis und vergleicht dabei das Produkt- mit dem Zuliefergeschäft. Die dabei zu verzeichnenden Unterschiede werden umfassend dargestellt und analysiert.