International Competitiveness and Technological Change

Technological change is central in explaining industrial leadership, but the relationships and interactions between scientific research, industrial innovation, and competitiveness are neither clear nor straightforward. Public research funding and business strategy dictate to a significant extent the manner in, and extent to which innovation occurs within the economy.

This book analyses the role of technological change in the competitiveness of firms and national economies. This includes an examination of:
* the roles of R&D spending, and the organisational and technological capabilities of firms in the encouragement of innovation;
* the way institutions in various nations differ in the way in which they encourage - or discourage - innovation; and the way in which different industrial sectors provide - or fail to provide - incentives to innovate; and
* the ways in which trade, the operation of multinationals and international trade negotiations influence national production and innovation systems .

The book combines insights of innovation scholars with those from business history, sociology and economics, in exploring the relation between organizational structures and the process of innovation. It places the analysis of innovation within an international perspective and gives historical and current examples of the interaction between organisational and technological capabilities, industrial and innovation policies and economic performance. Examples are drawn from a range of sectors (services, pharmaceuticals, construction, chemicals) and a range of countries (including the UK and other European countries, the USA, East Asia and Latin America). --This text refers to the Paperback edition.

About the Author: Marcela Miozzo is Reader in Innovation Studies at Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, UK. Her teaching and research activities are the innovation and the internationalization of services; technological and organisational changes in the construction sector; and technological capabilities of firms in Latin America.

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Contents LIST OF FIGURES vii LIST OF TABLES ix LIST OF BOXES xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xiii PART I INTRODUCTION 1 1. Technology and Competitiveness 3 2. The Science and Technology System 30 PART II ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES AND GROWTH 61 3. Organizations and Technology in Proprietary and Managerial Capitalism 63 4. Organizations and Technology during the Periods of 'New Competition' and ’Systems Integration’ 85 5. Organizations, Technology, and Less Developed Countries: East Asia and Latin America 112 PART III SYSTEMS OF INNOVATION: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE 139 6. National Innovation Systems 141 7. Sectoral Patterns of Technological Change 166 PART IV GLOBALIZATION AND INNOVATION 205 8. Technology, International Investment, and Trade 207 9. Networks and Alliances 235 10. Globalization of Trade, Production, and Technology 267 APPENDICES 291 REFERENCES 297 INDEX 325

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