Clinical Evidence Concise: The international source of the best available evidence for effective healthcare

Welcome to Issue 15 of Clinical Evidence, the international source of the best available evidence on the effects of common clinical interventions. Clinical Evidence aims to summarise the current state of knowledge and uncertainty about interventions used for prevention and treatment of clinical conditions. In order to achieve this aim, we systematically search and appraise the literature, and seek to provide rigorous summaries of evidence on the benefits and harms of clinical interventions. Our aim is to support clinical decision making.

Table of Contents
[-] Blood and lymph disorders
[+] Hodgkin's lymphoma
[+] Hyperthyroidism
[+] Multiple myeloma
[+] Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (diffuse large B cell lymphoma)
[+] Sickle cell disease
[-] Cardiovascular disorders
[+] Acute myocardial infarction
[+] Angina (stable)
[+] Angina (unstable)
[+] Atrial fibrillation (acute onset)
[+] Atrial fibrillation (chronic)
[+] Changing behaviour
[+] Heart failure
[+] Peripheral arterial disease
[+] Primary prevention
[+] Primary prevention: dyslipidaemia
[+] Primary prevention: hypertension
[+] Secondary prevention of ischaemic cardiac events
[+] Stroke management
[+] Stroke prevention
[+] Thromboembolism
[+] Varicose veins
[+] Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (out of hospital cardiac arrests)
[-] Child health
[+] Absence seizures in children
[+] Otitis media in children (acute)
[+] Asthma and other wheezing disorders in children
[+] Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
[+] Autism
[+] Bronchiolitis
[+] Cardiorespiratory arrest in children
[+] Constipation in children
[+] Croup
[+] Depression in children and adolescents
[+] Febrile seizures
[+] Gastroenteritis in children
[+] Gastro-oesophageal reflux in children
[+] Infantile colic
[+] Measles: prevention
[+] Measles, mumps, and rubella: prevention
[+] Migraine headache in children
[+] Neonatal infection: group B streptococcus
[+] Neonatal jaundice
[+] Nocturnal enuresis
[+] Nosebleeds in children
[+] Obesity in children
[+] Perinatal asphyxia
[+] Blood sampling in infants (reducing pain and morbidity)
[+] Sleep disorders in children
[+] Sudden infant death syndrome
[+] Urinary tract infection in children
[-] Diabetes
[+] Dyslipidaemia in diabetes
[+] Hypertension in diabetes
[-] Digestive system disorders
[+] Acute cholecystitis
[+] Anal fissure (chronic)
[+] Appendicitis
[+] Colonic diverticular disease
[+] Colorectal cancer
[+] Colorectal cancer screening
[+] Constipation in adults
[+] Crohn's disease
[+] Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
[+] Haemorrhoids
[+] Helicobacter pylori infection
[+] Inguinal hernia
[+] Irritable bowel syndrome
[+] Pancreatic cancer
[+] Stomach cancer
[-] Ear, nose, and throat disorders
[+] Chronic suppurative otitis media
[+] Ear wax
[+] Menière's disease
[+] Middle ear pain and trauma during air travel
[+] Otitis externa
[+] Otitis media with effusion
[+] Seasonal allergic rhinitis in adolescents and adults
[+] Sinusitis (acute)
[+] Tinnitus
[+] Tonsillitis
[-] Endocrine disorders
[+] Diabetic nephropathy
[+] Foot ulcers and amputations in diabetes
[+] Glycaemic control in diabetes
[+] Glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes
[+] Glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes
[+] Obesity
[+] Prevention of cardiovascular events in diabetes
[+] Primary hypothyroidism
[-] Eye disorders
[+] Uveitis (acute anterior)
[+] Age related macular degeneration
[+] Bacterial conjunctivitis
[+] Cataract
[+] Diabetic retinopathy
[+] Glaucoma
[+] Ocular herpes simplex
[+] Trachoma
[-] HIV and AIDS
[+] HIV infection
[+] HIV: mother to child transmission
[+] HIV: prevention of opportunistic infections
[+] Pneumocystis pneumonia in people with HIV
[+] Tuberculosis in people with HIV
[-] Infectious diseases
[+] Amoebic dysentery
[+] Chickenpox
[+] Congenital toxoplasmosis
[+] Dengue fever
[+] Diarrhoea in adults (acute)
[+] Hepatitis B (prevention)
[+] Hepatitis C (chronic)
[+] Influenza
[+] Leprosy
[+] Lyme disease
[+] Malaria: prevention in travellers
[+] Malaria: severe, life threatening
[+] Malaria: uncomplicated, caused by Plasmodium falciparum
[+] Meningococcal disease
[+] Postherpetic neuralgia
[+] Tuberculosis
[-] Kidney disorders
[+] Acute renal failure
[+] End stage renal disease
[+] Kidney stones
[-] Men's health
[+] Benign prostatic hyperplasia
[+] Chronic prostatitis
[+] Erectile dysfunction
[+] Prostate cancer (metastatic)
[+] Prostate cancer (early)
[+] Testicular cancer: seminoma
[+] Varicocele
[-] Mental health
[+] Anorexia nervosa
[+] Bipolar disorder
[+] Bulimia nervosa
[+] Deliberate self harm and (attempted suicide)
[+] Dementia
[+] Depressive disorders
[+] Generalised anxiety disorder
[+] Obsessive compulsive disorder
[+] Opioid dependence
[+] Panic disorder
[+] Post-traumatic stress disorder
[+] Schizophrenia
[-] Musculoskeletal disorders
[+] Ankle sprain
[+] Bunions
[+] Carpal tunnel syndrome
[+] Chronic fatigue syndrome
[+] Fracture prevention in postmenopausal women
[+] Gout
[+] Herniated lumbar disc
[+] Hip fracture
[+] Leg cramps
[+] Low back pain (acute)
[+] Low back pain (chronic)
[+] Neck pain
[+] Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
[+] Osteoarthritis
[+] Osteoarthritis of the hip
[+] Osteoarthritis of the knee
[+] Plantar heel pain and fasciitis
[+] Raynaud's phenomenon (primary)
[+] Rheumatoid arthritis
[+] Shoulder pain
[+] Systemic lupus erythematosus
[+] Tennis elbow
[-] Neurological disorders
[+] Altitude sickness
[+] Bell's palsy
[+] Dystonia
[+] Epilepsy
[+] Essential tremor
[+] Head injury (moderate to severe)
[+] Headache (chronic tension-type)
[+] Migraine headache
[+] Multiple sclerosis
[+] Parkinson's disease
[+] Trigeminal neuralgia
[-] Oral health
[+] Aphthous ulcers (recurrent)
[+] Burning mouth syndrome
[+] Candidiasis (oropharyngeal)
[+] Halitosis
[+] Impacted wisdom teeth
[-] Perioperative care
[+] Postoperative pulmonary infections
[-] Poisoning
[+] Carbon monoxide poisoning (acute)
[+] Organophosphorus poisoning (acute)
[+] Paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning
[-] Pregnancy and childbirth
[+] Ectopic pregnancy
[+] Nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy
[+] Perineal care
[+] Postnatal depression
[+] Postpartum haemorrhage: prevention
[+] Pre-eclampsia and hypertension
[+] Preterm birth
[+] Recurrent miscarriage
[-] Respiratory disorders (acute)
[+] Acute respiratory distress syndrome
[+] Common cold
[+] Community acquired pneumonia
[+] Sore throat
[+] Spontaneous pneumothorax
[+] Upper respiratory tract infection
[-] Respiratory disorders (chronic)
[+] Asthma
[+] Bronchiectasis
[+] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
[+] Lung cancer
[-] Sexual health
[+] Bacterial vaginosis
[+] Chlamydia (uncomplicated, genital)
[+] Genital herpes
[+] Genital warts
[+] Gonorrhoea
[+] Partner notification
[+] Pelvic inflammatory disease
[-] Skin disorders
[+] Acne vulgaris
[+] Athlete's foot
[+] Athlete's foot and fungally infected toe nails
[+] Atopic eczema
[+] Cellulitis and erysipelas
[+] Psoriasis (chronic plaque)
[+] Fungal toenail infections
[+] Head lice
[+] Herpes labialis
[+] Malignant melanoma (metastatic)
[+] Malignant melanoma (non-metastatic)
[+] Scabies
[+] Seborrhoeic dermatitis
[+] Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (non-metastatic)
[+] Vitiligo
[+] Warts (non-genital)
[+] Wrinkles
[-] Sleep disorders
[+] Insomnia in the elderly
[+] Jet lag
[+] Sleep apnoea
[-] Women's health
[+] Breast cancer (metastatic)
[+] Breast cancer (non-metastatic)
[+] Breast pain
[+] Candidiasis (vulvovaginal)
[+] Cervical cancer
[+] Domestic violence towards women
[+] Dysmenorrhoea
[+] Endometriosis
[+] Essential vulvodynia (vulval pain)
[+] Female infertility
[+] Fibroids (uterine myomatosis, leiomyomas)
[+] Genital prolapse in women
[+] Infertility and subfertility
[+] Intimate partner violence towards women
[+] Menopausal symptoms
[+] Menorrhagia
[+] Ovarian cancer (advanced)
[+] Polycystic ovary syndrome
[+] Premalignant vulval disorders
[+] Premenstrual syndrome
[+] Pyelonephritis (acute) in non-pregnant women
[+] Recurrent cystitis in non-pregnant women
[+] Stress incontinence
[-] Wounds
[+] Bites (mammalian)
[+] Burns (minor thermal)
[+] Minor thermal burns
[+] Pressure ulcers
[+] Venous leg ulcers
↑ Back of Book
[+] Appendices